TY - BOOK AU - Mobasher,Barzin TI - Mechanics of fiber and textile reinforced cement composites SN - 9781439806609 AV - TA438 .M63 2012 PY - 2012///] CY - Boca Raton, FL PB - CRC Press KW - Fiber cement KW - Testing KW - Fiber-reinforced concrete N1 - Includes bibliographical references and index; Contents; Preface ; Author ; chapter 1 Cement-Based Composites-A Case for Sustainable Construction ; Introduction ; Cement and Concrete Production ; Current Trends ; Structure of This Book ; Textile Reinforced and High-Volume Content Cement Composites ; Development of Design Methodologies for Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Sustainability-The Main Driver for New Materials and Design Methods Is the Economy of Construction System ; References ; chapter 2 Historical Aspects of Conventional Fiber Reinforced Concrete Systems ; Introduction ; Prehistoric Developments ; Asbestos Cement ; Hatscheck Process ; Ferrocement ; Cement Composites in Modular and Panelized Construction Systems ; Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete ; Cellulose Fibers ; Continuous Fiber Systems ; Thin Section Composites Using Textiles ; References ; chapter 3 Ductile Cement Composite Systems ; Introduction ; Mechanics of Toughening ; Macro-Defect-Free Cements ; Ductile Composites with High-Volume Fiber Contents ; Extrusion ; Compression Molding ; Spin Casting ; Mixing High-Volume Fraction Composites ; Composites Using Continuous Fibers and Textiles ; Mesh Reinforced Cementitious Sheets ; Pultrusion ; Matrix Phase Modifications ; Rapid Setting ; Fly Ash ; Calcium Hydroxide Reduction ; Rheology ; Hybrid Short Fiber Reinforcement ; Hybrid Reinforcement: Woven Mesh and Discrete Fibers ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 4 Textile Reinforcement in Composite Materials ; Introduction ; Terminology and Classifications Systems ; Fiber and Fabric Terminology ; Composites ; AR Glass Fibers ; Kevlar ; Carbon Filaments and Yarns ; Textile Reinforced Composites ; Textile Fibers ; Textile Forms ; Monofilaments (25-200 μm, Continuous) ; Whiskers (<1 μm, Discontinuous) ; Textile Terminology ; Scrims ; Stitch-Bonded Fabrics ; Leno Weave Technique ; Analysis of Woven Textile Composites ; Composite Moduli in Textile Reinforcements ; Modeling of Textile Composites at the Representative Volume Level ; Mechanical Strength and Damage Accumulation ; References ; chapter 5 Single Yarns in Woven Textiles: Characterization of Geometry and Length Effects ; Introduction ; Kevlar Fabric ; Single Yarn Tensile Tests ; Weibull Analysis ; References ; chapter 6 Introduction to Mechanics of Composite Materials ; Introduction ; Volume Fraction ; Composite Density ; Nature of Load Sharing and Load Transfer ; Computation of Transverse Stiffness ; Strength of a Lamina ; Case Study 1: Matrix Fails First, Governs ; Case Study 2: Four Stages of Cracking ; Laminated Composites ; Stiffness of an Off-Axis Ply ; Ply Discount Method ; Failure Criteria ; Maximum Stress Theory ; Interactive Failure Criterion, Tsai[–]Hill ; References ; chapter 7 Mechanical Testing and Characteristic Responses ; Introduction ; Concepts of Closed-Loop Testing ; Components and Parameters of CLC ; The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller ; Actuators and Servomechanism ; Hydraulic Actuators and Servovalves ; Servohydraulic Testing Machines ; The Electronics ; Compression Test ; Uniaxial Tension Test ; Flexure Test ; Fracture Tests ; Cyclic Test ; Compliance-Based Approach ; Mechanical Performance-Test Methods for Measurement of Toughness of FRC ; Round Panel Tests ; Fatigue Tests ; Impact Resistance ; Restrained Shrinkage ; Aging and Weathering ; References ; chapter 8 Fiber Pullout and Interfacial Characterization ; Introduction ; Significance of Interfacial Modeling ; Analytical Derivation for Fiber Pullout Fiber and Textile Composites ; Pullout Response in Elastic Stage (Stage 1) ; Pullout Response in the Nonlinear Stage (Stage 2) ; Pullout Response in Dynamic Stage (Stage 3) ; Algorithm for Pullout Simulation ; Single-Fiber Pullout Experiments ; Textile Pullout Tests ; Energy Dissipation during Pullout ; Finite Element Simulation ; Fracture-Based Approach ; Strain Energy Release Rate ; Modeling of the Transverse Yarn Anchorage Mechanism ; Finite Difference Approach for the Anchorage Model ; Characterization of Interfacial Aging ; Theoretical Modeling of Interfacial Aging ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 9 Fracture Process in Quasi-Brittle Materials ; Introduction ; Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics ; Stress Intensity Factor and Fracture Toughness ; Fracture Process Zone ; Equivalent Elastic Cracks ; Cohesive Crack Models ; Closing Pressure Formulations ; R-Curve Approach ; Derivation of R-Curves ; Alternative Forms of R-Curves ; Stress[–]Crack Width Relationship ; Stress Intensity Approach Using Fiber Pullout or Stress[–]Crack Width ; Termination of Stable Crack Growth Range ; Toughening under Steady-State Condition ; Discrete Fiber Approach Using Fiber Pullout for Toughening ; Comparison with Experimental Results ; Simulation of Glass Fiber Concrete ; Compliance-Based Approach ; References ; chapter 10 Tensile Response of Continuous and Cross-Ply Composites ; Introduction ; Specimen Preparation ; (0/90) Composite Laminates ; (+45) Composite Laminates ; Compression Response ; PP Fiber Laminates ; Flexural Response ; Microstructural Damage and Toughness ; References ; chapter 11 Inelastic Analysis of Cement Composites Using Laminate Theory ; Introduction ; Stiffness of a Lamina ; Stiffness of a Ply along Material Direction ; Ply Discount Method ; Damage-Based Modeling Using a Nonlinear-Incremental Approach ; Failure Criteria for Lamina ; Generalized Load Displacement for the Composite Response ; Performance of Model: Simulation of Tensile Load ; Simulation of Flexural Results ; References ; chapter 12 Tensile and Flexural Properties of Hybrid Cement Composites ; Introduction ; Manufacturing Techniques and Materials ; Experimental Program ; Specimen Preparation ; Flexural Three-Point Bending Tests ; Direct Tension Tests ; Brittle Fibers ; Ductile Fibers ; Hybrid Composites ; Tension Results ; Comparison of Injection Molding and Compression Molding ; Fracture Resistance Curves ; Conclusion ; References ; chapter 13 Correlation of Distributed Damage with Stiffness Degradation Mechanisms ; Introduction ; Role of Microcracking Cement Composites in Tension ; Tensile Response of Textile Reinforced Cement Composites ; Crack Spacing Measurement ; Imaging Procedures for Measurement of Crack Spacing ; Effect of Fabric Type ; Effect of Mineral Admixtures ; Effect of Accelerated Aging ; Rheology and Microstructure ; Effect of Curing ; Effects of Pressure ; Microcrack[–]Textile Interaction Mechanisms ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 14 Flexural Model for Strain-Softening and Strain-Hardening Composites ; Introduction ; Correlation of Tensile and Flexural Strength from Weibull Statistics Perspective ; Derivation of Closed-Form Solutions for Moment[–]Curvature Diagram ; Stage 1: (0 < β < 1) and (λ < ω) ; Stage 2: 1 < β < α ; Stage 3: β > α ; Stage 3.1: β > α and λ < ω ; Stage 3.2: β > α and ω < λ < λcu ; Simplified Expressions for Moment[–]Curvature Relations ; Case 2.1: 1 < β < ρ and 0 < λ < ω ; Case 3.1: α < β < βtu and 0 < λ < ω ; Crack Localization Rules ; Algorithm to Predict Load[–]Deflection Response of the Four-Point Bending Test ; Parametric Study of Material Parameters ; Prediction of Load[–]Deformation Response ; Steel FRC ; Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) ; AR Glass and PE Textile Reinforced Cement Composites ; Closed-Form Moment[–]Curvature Solutions for FRC Beams with Reinforcement ; Parametric Studies ; Conclusions ; Nomenclature ; Subscripts ; References ; chapter 15 Back-Calculation Procedures of Material Properties from Flexural Tests ; Introduction ; Case A: Tension Data Are Unavailable ; Case A1: Inverse Analysis of Load[–]Deflection Response of Polymeric Fibers ; Case A2: Inverse Analysis Load[–]Deflection Response of Macro-PP-FRC (English System) ; Data Reduction by the ARS Method and RILEM Test Method ; Case B: Tension Data Are Available, Forward and Back Calculation ; Case B1: Glass FRC ; Case B2: Simulation of Steel FRC ; AR Glass Fiber Concrete ; Comparison with the RILEM Approach ; Conclusion ; References ; chapter 16 Modeling of Fiber Reinforced Materials Using Finite Element Method ; Introduction ; Model Concrete Structure with ABAQUS ; Implicit or Explicit Analysis Types ; Element ; Quasi-Static Simulation ; Concrete Model in ABAQUS ; Calculation of Moment[–]Curvature Response ; Nodal Calculation ; Element Calculation ; Implementation of the User Material Model ; Inverse Analysis of FRC ; Finite Element Simulation of Round Panel Test ; Simulation Result ; Moment[–]Curvature Relationship for Rigid Crack Model ; Modeling of Round Panel Test with Rigid Crack Model ; Elastic Range (Ma ; Plastic Range (Ma>Mcr) ; Prediction of Load[–]Deflection Response ; Summary ; References ; chapter 17 Flexural Design of Strain-Softening Fiber Reinforced Concrete ; Introduction ; Strain-Softening FRC Model ; Moment[–]Curvature Response ; Bilinear Moment[–]Curvature Diagram ; Allowable Tensile Strain ; Ultimate Moment Capacity ; Minimum Postcrack Tensile Capacity for Flexure ; Hybrid Reinforcement Conversion Design Chart ; Deflection Calculation for Serviceability ; Minimum Postcrack Tensile Strength for Shrinkage and Temperature ; Design Examples ; Design Example 1: Slab on Grade ; Equivalent Moment Capacity with SFRC, f1'c = 4000 psi (27.6 MPa) ; Equivalent Tensile Capacity ; Design Example 2: Equivalent Reinforced Slab with Various Steel Yield Strengths ; Step 1: Calculate Existing Moment Capacity Based on 1-Ft. Strip ; Step 2: Calculate Normalized Ultimate Moment ; Step 3: Determine Postcrack Tensile Strength Using Simplified Equation ; Design Example 3: Simply Supported Slab with Serviceability Criteria ; Ultimate Moment Capacity ; Check Tensile Strain Limit ; Short-Term Deflection ; Stress Distributions ; Design Example 4: Four-Span Floor Slab ; Moment Capacity ; Shear Capacity ; Design Example 5: Retaining Wall ; Design Example 6: Design with Macropolymeric Fibers ; Problem Formulation ; Proposed Approach ; Moment Capacity of a 7-In.-Thick Reinforced Concrete Slab ; Replace the Moment Capacity with Macropolymeric Fiber, f'c = 4000 psi ; Replace Tensile Capacity ; Moment Capacity of an 8-In.-Thick Reinforced Concrete Slab ; Replace the Moment Capacity with Macrofibers, f'c = 4000 psi ; Replace Tensile Capacity ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 18 Fiber Reinforced Aerated Concrete ; Introduction ; AFRC Production ; Density and Compressive Strength Relationship ; Flexural Response ; Pore Structure ; References ; chapter 19 Sisal Fiber Reinforced Composites ; Introduction ; Sisal Fiber Composites ; Stress[–]Strain Behavior and Cracking Mechanisms ; Flexural Response ; Fatigue ; Fiber Matrix Pullout Behavior ; Tension Stiffening Model ; References ; chapter 20 Restrained Shrinkage Cracking ; Introduction ; Review of Drying Shrinkage Testing Methods ; Plastic Shrinkage Cracking ; Restrained Shrinkage Cracking ; Restrained Drying Shrinkage Test Methodology ; Modeling Restrained Shrinkage Cracking ; Lattice Models ; Lamina Model ; Moisture Diffusion and Free Shrinkage ; Effect of Creep in Restrained Shrinkage Cracking ; Age-Dependent Concrete Strength ; Equilibrium and Compatibility Conditions ; Stress[–]Strain Development ; Parametric Study ; Comparison of Experimental Data and Simulations ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 21 Flexural Impact Test ; Introduction ; Experimental Program ; Material Properties and Mix Design ; AR Glass Composite ; Sisal Fiber Composites ; Drop Weight Impact Setup ; Dynamic Calibration ; Results and Discussions ; AR Glass Composite ; Effect of Drop Height ; Effect of Number of Lamina and Specimen Orientation ; Energy Absorption ; Sisal Fiber Composites ; Discussions ; References ; chapter 22 Textile Composites for Repair and Retrofit ; Introduction ; Comparison of FRP Systems with Textile Reinforced Concrete ; Experimental Program ; Materials Tests ; Structural Tests ; Tensile Properties ; Structural Tests of Masonry Walls ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 23 Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints Using Textile Cement Composites ; Introduction ; Experimental Program ; Material Properties ; Experimental Results ; Behavior of the Specimens ; Absorbed Energy ; Total Energy ; Dissipated Energy ; Recovery Energy ; Stiffness Degradation ; Conclusions ; References ; chapter 24 Dynamic Tensile Characteristics of Textile Cement Composites ; Introduction ; Dynamic Tensile Testing ; Dynamic Testing of Cement Composites ; Experimental Methodology ; Fabric-Cement Composites ; Dynamic Loading Devices and Technique ; Data Processing Method for Dynamic Tensile Testing ; Dynamic Characterization ; Results and Discussions ; Unidirectional Sisal Fiber Reinforced Composite ; Fabric Reinforced Composites ; Cracking and Failure Behavior ; Microstructural Features ; Conclusions ; References ; Index ER -