TY  - BOOK
AU  - Isaksen,Scott G.
AU  - Stead-Dorval,K.Brian
AU  - Treffinger,Donald J.
TI  - Creative approaches to problem solving: a framework for innovation and change 
SN  - 9781412977739
AV  - BF449 .I73 2011
PY  - 2011///]
CY  - Los Angeles
PB  - SAGE
KW  - Problem solving
KW  - Group problem solving
KW  - Creative thinking
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index; Table Of Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Creative Approaches to Problem Solving; What Is Creativity?; Characteristics of Creative People; Operations Within the Creative Process; Creative Results and Outcomes; The Context for Creativity; What Is Problem Solving?; What Is a Creative Approach?; Linking Creativity and Problem Solving; A Framework for Change; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Creative Problem Solving; What Is Creative Problem Solving?; The Origins and History of CPS; Personal Process Activity; The CPS Framework; Understanding the Challenge; Generating Ideas; Preparing for Action; Planning Your Approach; The Heartbeat of CPS; Guidelines for Generating; Brainstorming; Guidelines for Focusing; ALUo (Advantages, Limitations, Unique Qualities, and Overcoming Limitations); Generating and Focusing Lead to Creativity; The Tools of CPS; How Do We Know CPS Works?; Knowledge From Practical Experiences; Knowledge Derived From the Literature; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Understanding the Challenge; Understanding the Challenge in a Nutshell; Input; Processing; Output; What Is the Constructing Opportunities Stage?; Generating When Constructing Opportunities; Focusing When Constructing Opportunities; Constructing Opportunities: A Sample Application; What Is the Exploring Data Stage?; Generating When Exploring Data; A Tool for Exploring Data: 5WH; Focusing When Exploring Data; Exploring Data: A Sample Application; What Is the Framing Problems Stage?; Constructing an Effective Problem Statement; Generating in Framing Problems; Ladder of Abstraction; Focusing When Framing Problems; Highlighting; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Generating Ideas; Generating Ideas in a Nutshell; Input; Processing; Output; What Is the Generating Ideas Component and Stage?; Points to Remember About Idea Generation; The Generating Phase; Qualities to Consider When Generating Options; Using Generating Tools; Brainstorming With Post-its®; Brainwriting; Scamper; Forced Fitting; Visually Identifying Relationships; Imagery Trek; Attribute Listing; Morphological Matrix; Choosing Appropriate Tools; Focusing in Generating Ideas; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Preparing for Action; Preparing for Action in a Nutshell; Input; Processing; Output; What Is the Developing Solutions Stage?; Generating in Developing Solutions; Generating Criteria; Focusing in Developing Solutions; Choosing Tools for Focusing; The Evaluation Matrix; Paired Comparison Analysis; Summarizing the Developing Solutions Stage; What Is the Building Acceptance Stage?; Generating in Building Acceptance; Generating Sources of Assistance and Resistance; Generating Potential Action Steps; Identifying and Overcoming Limitations; Focusing in Building Acceptance; Sequencing Action Steps; Planning for Implementation; Implementation Checklist; Obtaining Feedback on Your Plan; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Planning Your Approach to CPS; Planning Your Approach in a Nutshell; What Is Appraising Tasks?; The People and Context Dimension; The Content-Method Dimension; What Is Designing Process?; Required Results From the Process; Needed Elements of the Method; Desired Involvement and Interaction; Constraints From the Context; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; People as Creative Problem Solvers; Ownership; Influence; Interest; Imagination; Some Key Questions About Ownership; Diversity; Problem-Solving Style; Orientation to Change; Manner of Processing; Ways of Deciding; Moderate Preferences; Working Outside Your Preferences; Some Key Questions About Diversity; Task Expertise; Some Key Questions About Task Expertise; Using Information About People When Appraising Tasks; Apply CPS; Modify the Task; Find the Right People; Wait or Withdraw; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; The Context for CPS; The Environment Conducive to Creativity; Are You Ready for Change?; Dimensions of the Climate for Creativity; Implications of Understanding Climate; History; Are You Willing to Manage Change?; Are You Able to Move Forward?; Using Information About Context When Appraising Tasks; Apply CPS; Modify the Task; Modify the Context; Wait or Withdraw; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; The Role of Content; What Is Content?; The Role of Content in the System; Novelty: What Kind of Novelty Do You Need?; Size: How Great an Impact Do You Want?; Breadth of Impact; Depth of Impact; Leverage: Where Is the Best Place to Focus Your Energy?; Identifying Key Leverage Points; Using Your Understanding About Content; Apply CPS; Modify the Task; Adjust the Expectations You Hold for CPS; Use a Different Method; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; CPS as a Change Method; What Is a Change Method?; Being Deliberate About Method; CPS as a Change Method; Do You Need the Purpose and Unique Qualities of CPS?; The CPS Framework; How Confident Am I in Using CPS?; What Are the Benefits and Costs of Using CPS?; Your Options From Exploring Method; Apply CPS; Combine CPS With Other Method(s); Wait or Withdraw; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Designing Your Way Through CPS; Linking Needs to Process; An Example of Matching Process to Need; Returning to Our Example; What Is Designing Process?; Setting the Scope of CPS Application; Designing a Single Session; Tips for Designing a Single Session; Designing a Project Application; Tips for Designing Project Applications; Designing an Initiative; Tips for Designing an Initiative-Level Application of CPS; Designing Ways to Involve People; Determine Your Level of Use; Clarify People's Roles and Responsibilities; Designing for the Impact of Context; Designing for Readiness; Designing for Willingness; Designing for Ability; Designing Your Work Space; Some Suggestions for Designing Process; Design With Purpose in Mind; Design a Straightforward Pathway Through CPS; Be Ready to Change Your Plans; The Rest of the Story; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; Applying CPS; Lost Prizes; What Did the Participants in the Session Do?; What Challenges Did the Participants Face?; What Impact Did CPS Have?; Creating Computer Software; What Did the Project Manager Do?; What Challenges Did the Project Manager Face?; What Impact Did CPS Have?; Developing New Products; What Did We Do?; What Challenges Did We Face?; What Impact Did We Have?; Preparing to Apply CPS; Prepare the People; Prepare the CPS Process; Prepare the Topic to Be Addressed; Prepare the Working Environment; General Suggestions for Getting Started; Use CPS Personally to Demonstrate Its Effectiveness; Demonstrate the Benefits of CPS; Use CPS Soon After Reading This Book; Continue Your Learning; Debrief Your Use of CPS; Use the CPS Framework Flexibly; Start by Using CPS on Low-Risk Tasks; Integrate CPS Into Your Current Activities; Find a Sponsor for Your CPS Application; Find a Safe Group With Which to Practice; Team Up With Someone Who Knows CPS; Use Outside Experts to Get Help; Additional Resources; About Our Organizations; Creative Problem Solving Group, Incorporated; Center for Creative Learning, Incorporated; An Invitation; Visit Our Web Sites; Attend a Course; Putting This Chapter to Work; Activities to Guide Reflection and Action; References; Index; About the Authors
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