TY  - BOOK
AU  - Askeland,Donald R.
AU  - Phulâe,Pradeep Prabhakar
AU  - Battacharya,D.K.
TI  - Essentials of materials science and engineering
SN  - 0495438502
AV  - TA403 .A854 2009
PY  - 2009///]
CY  - Australia
PB  - Cengage Learning
KW  - Materials
KW  - Materials science
N1  - Includes index; Table Of Contents; Preface; About the Authors; Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering; Introduction; What is Materials Science and Engineering?; Classification of Materials; Functional Classification of Materials; Classification of Materials Based on Structure; Environmental and Other Effects; Materials Design and Selection; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Atomic Structure; Introduction; The Structure of Materials: Technological Relevance; The Structure of the Atom; The Electronic Structure of the Atom; The Periodic Table; Atomic Bonding; Binding Energy and Interatomic Spacing; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Atomic and lonic Arrangements; Introduction; Short-Range Order versus Long-Range Order; Amorphous Materials: Principles and Technological Applications; Lattice, Unit Cells, Basis, and Crystal Structures; Allotropic or Polymorphic Transformations; Points, Directions, and Planes in the Unit Cell; Interstitial Sites; Crystal Structures of Ionic Materials; Covalent Structures; Diffraction Techniques for Crystal Structure Analysis; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Imperfections in the Atomic and Ionic Arrangements; Introduction; Point Defects; Other Point Defects; Dislocations; Significance of Dislocations; Schmid's Law; Influence of Crystal Structure; Surface Defects; Importance of Defects; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Atom and Ion Movements in Materials; Introduction; Applications of Diffusion; Stability of Atoms and Ions; Mechanisms for Diffusion; Activation Energy for Diffusion; Rate of Diffusion (Fick's First Law); Factors Affecting Diffusion; Permeability of Polymers; Composition Profile (Fick's Second Law); Diffusion and Materials Processing; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Mechanical Properties: Fundamentals and Tensile, Hardness, and Impact Testing; Introduction; Technological Significance; Terminology for Mechanical Properties; The Tensile Test: Use of the Stress-Strain Diagram; Properties Obtained from the Tensile Test; True Stress and True Strain; The Bend Test for Brittle Materials; Hardness of Materials; Strain Rate Effects and Impact Behavior; Properties Obtained from the Impact Test; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Fracture Mechanics, Fatigue, and Creep Behavior; Introduction; Fracture Mechanics; The Importance of Fracture Mechanics; Microstructural Features of Fracture in Metallic Materials; Microstructural Features of Fracture in Ceramics, Glasses, and Composites; Weibull Statistics for Failure Strength Analysis; Fatigue; Results of the Fatigue Test; Application of Fatigue Testing; Creep, Stress Rupture, and Stress Corrosion; Evaluation of Creep Behavior; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Strain Hardening and Annealing; Introduction; Relationship of Cold Working to the Stress-Strain Curve; Strain-Hardening Mechanisms; Properties versus Percent Cold Work; Microstructure, Texture Strengthening, and Residual Stresses; Characteristics of Cold Working; The Three Stages of Annealing; Control of Annealing; Annealing and Materials Processing; Hot Working; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Principles and Applications of Solidification; Introduction; Technological Significance; Nucleation; Growth Mechanisms; Cooling Curves; Cast Structure; Solidification Defects; Casting Processes for Manufacturing Components; Continuous Casting, Ingot Casting, and Single Crystal Growth; Solidification of Polymers and Inorganic Glasses; Joining of Metallic Materials; Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMG); Summary; Glossary; Problems; Solid Solutions and Phase Equilibrium; Introduction; Phases and the Phase Diagram; Solubility and Solid Solutions; Conditions for Unlimited Solid Solubility; Solid-Solution Strengthening; Isomorphous Phase Diagrams; Relationship Between Properties and the Phase Diagram; Solidification of a Solid-Solution Alloy; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Dispersion Strengthening and Eutectic Phase Diagrams; Introduction; Principles and Examples of Dispersion Strengthening; Intermetallic Compounds; Phase Diagrams Containing Three-Phase Reactions; The Eutectic Phase Diagram; Strength of Eutectic Alloys; Eutectics and Materials Processing; Nonequilibrium Freezing in the Eutectic System; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Dispersion Strengthening by Phase Transformations and Heat Treatment; Introduction; Nucleation and Growth in Solid-State Reactions; Alloys Strengthened by Exceeding the Solubility Limit; Age or Precipitation Hardening; Applications of Age-Hardened Alloys; Microstructural Evolution in Age or Precipitation Hardening; Effects of Aging Temperature and Time; Requirements for Age Hardening; Use of Age-Hardenable Alloys at High Temperatures; The Eutectoid Reaction; Controlling the Eutectoid Reaction; The Martensitic Reaction and Tempering; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Heat Treatment of Steels and Cast Irons; Introduction; Designations and Classification of Steels; Simple Heat Treatments; Isothermal Heat Treatments; Quench and Temper Heat Treatments; Effect of Alloying Elements; Application of Hardenability; Specialty Steels; Surface Treatments; Weldability of Steel; Stainless Steels; Cast Irons; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Nonferrous Alloys; Introduction; Aluminum Alloys; Magnesium and Beryllium Alloys; Copper Alloys; Nickel and Cobalt Alloys; Titanium Alloys; Refractory and Precious Metals; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Ceramic Materials; Introduction; Applications of Ceramics; Properties of Ceramics; Synthesis and Processing of Ceramic Powders; Characteristics of Sintered Ceramics; Inorganic Glasses; Glass-Ceramics; Processing and Applications of Clay Products; Refractories; Other Ceramic Materials; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Polymers; Introduction; Classification of Polymers; Addition and Condensation Polymerization; Degree of Polymerization; Typical Thermoplastics; Structure-Property Relationships in Thermoplastics; Effect of Temperature on Thermoplastics; Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastics; Elastomers (Rubbers); Thermosetting Polymers; Adhesives; Polymer Processing and Recycling; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Composites: Teamwork and Synergy in Materials; Introduction; Dispersion-Strengthened Composites; Particulate Composites; Fiber-Reinforced Composites; Characteristics of Fiber-Reinforced Composites; Manufacturing Fibers and Composites; Fiber-Reinforced Systems and Applications; Laminar Composite Materials; Examples and Applications of Laminar Composites; Sandwich Structures; Summary; Glossary; Problems; Appendix A: Selected Physical Properties of Some Elements; Appendix B: The Atomic and Ionic Radii of Selected Elements; Answers to Selected Problems; Index
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