TY  - BOOK
AU  - Stiglitz,Joseph E.
TI  - Economics of the public sector
SN  - 0393966518
AV  - HJ257.2 .S8419 2000
PY  - 2000///]
CY  - New York
PB  - W. W. Norton
KW  - Finance, Public
KW  - United States
KW  - Fiscal policy
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index; Part 1. Introduction --; 1. The Public Sector in a Mixed Economy --; The Economic Role of Government --; What or Who is the Government? --; Thinking Like a Public Sector Economist --; Disagreements Among Economists --; 2. The Public Sector in the United States --; Types of Government Activity --; Gauging the Size of the Public Sector --; Government Revenues --; Deficit Financing --; Playing Tricks With the Data on Government Activities --; Part 2. Fundamentals of Welfare Economics --; 3. Market Efficiency --; The Invisible Hand of Competitive Markets --; Welfare Economics and Pareto Efficiency --; Analyzing Economic Efficiency --; 4. Market Failure --; Property Rights and Contract Enforcement --; Market Failures and the Role of Government --; Redistribution and Merit Goods --; Two Perspectives on the Role of Government --; 5. Efficiency and Equity --; Efficiency and Distribution Trade-Offs --; Analyzing Social Choices --; Social Choices in Practice --; Three Approaches to Social Choices --; Appendix. Alternative Measures of Inequality --; The Lorenz Curve --; The Dalton-Atkinson Measure --; Part 3. Public Expenditure Theory --; 6. Public Goods and Publicly Provided Private Goods --; Public Goods --; Publicly Provided Private Goods --; Efficiency Conditions for Public Goods --; Efficient Government as a Public Good --; Appendix A. The Leftover Curve --; Appendix B. Measuring the Welfare Cost of user Fees --; 7. Public Choice --; Public Mechanisms for Allocating Resources --; Alternatives for Determining Public Goods Expenditures --; Politics and Economics --; Appendix. New Preference-Revelation Mechanisms --; 8. Public Production and Bureaucracy --; Natural Monopoly: Public Production of Private Goods --; Comparison of Efficiency in the Public and Private Sectors --; Sources of Inefficiency in the Public Sector --; Corporatization --; A Growing Consensus on Government's Role in Production --; 9. Externalities and the Environment --; The Problem of Externalities --; Private Solutions to Externalities --; Public Sector Solutions to Externalities --; Protecting the Environment: the Role of Government in Practice --; Part 4. Expenditure Programs --; 10. The Analysis of Expenditure Policy --; Need for Program --; Market Failures --; Alternative Forms of Government Intervention --; The Importance of Particular Design Features --; Private Sector Responses to Government Programs --; Efficiency Consequences --; Distributional Consequences --; Equity-Efficiency Trade-Offs --; Public Policy Objectives --; Political Process --; 11. Cost-Benefit Analysis --; Private Cost-Benefit Analysis --; Social Cost-Benefit Analysis --; Consumer Surplus and the Decision to Undertake a Project --; Measuring Non-Monetized Costs and Benefits --; Shadow Prices and Market Prices --; Discount Rate for Social Cost-Benefit Analysis --; The Evaluation of Risk --; Distributional Considerations --; Cost Effectiveness --; 12. Health Care --; The Health Care System in the United States --; Rationale For a Role of Government in the Health Care Sector --; Reforming Health Care --; 13. Defense and Technology --; Defense Expenditures --; Increasing the Efficiency of the Defense Department --; Defense Conversion --; Technology --; 14. Social Insurance --; The Social Security System --; Social Security, Private Insurance, and Market Failures --; Should Social Security be Reformed? --; Reforming Social Security --; 15. Welfare Programs and the Redistribution of Income --; A Brief Description of Major U.S. Welfare Programs --; Rationale for Government Welfare Programs --; Analytic Issues --; Welfare Reform: Integration of Programs --; The Welfare Reform Bill of 1996 --; 16. Education --; The Structure of Education in the United States --; Why is Education Publicly Provided and Publicly Financed? --; Issues and Controversies in Educational Policy --; Aid to Higher Education --; Appendix. How Should Public Educational Funds be Allocated? --; Part 5. Taxation: Theory --; 17. Introduction to Taxation --; The Five Desirable Characteristics of any Tax System --; General Framework for Choosing Among Tax Systems --; 18. Tax Incidence --; Tax Incidence in Competitive Markets --; Tax Incidence of Environments Without Perfect Competition --; Equivalent Taxes --; Other Factors Affecting Tax Incidence --; Incidence of Taxes in the United States --; Appendix. Comparison of the Effects of an Ad Valorem and Specific Commodity Tax on a Monopolist --; 19. Taxation and Economic Efficiency --; Effect of Taxes Borne by Consumers --; Quantifying the Distortions --; Effects of Taxes Borne by Producers --; Taxation of Savings --; Taxation of Labor Income --; Measuring the Effects of Taxes on Labor Supplied --; 20. Optimal Taxation --; Two Fallacies of Optimal Taxation --; Optimal and Pareto Efficient Taxation --; Differential Taxation --; Taxes on Producers --; Appendix A. Deriving Ramsey Taxes on Commodities --; Appendix B. Derivation of Ramsey Formula for Linear Demand Schedule --; 21. Taxation of Capital --; Should Capital be Taxed? --; Effects on Savings and Investment --; Impact on Risk Taking --; Measuring Changes in Asset Values --; Part 6. Taxation in the United States --; 22. The Personal Income Tax --; Outline of the U.S. Income Tax --; Principles Behind the U.S. Income Tax --; Practical Problems in Implementing an Income Tax System --; Special Treatment of Capital Income --; 23. The Corporation Income Tax --; The Basic Features of the Corporation Income Tax --; The Incidence of the Corporation Income Tax and its Effect on Efficiency --; Depreciation --; Combined Effects of Individual and Corporate Income Tax --; The Corporation Tax as Economic Policy --; Taxation of Multinationals --; Should There be a Corporation Income Tax? --; 24. A Student's Guide to Tax Avoidance --; Principles of Tax Avoidance --; Tax Shelters --; Tax Reform and Tax Avoidance --; Equity, Efficiency, and Tax Reform --; 25. Reform of the Tax System --; Fairness --; Efficiency --; Simplifying the Tax Code and Reducing Administrative Costs --; Transition Issues and the Politics of Tax Reform --; Tax Reforms for the Twenty-First Century --; Part 7. Further Issues --; 26. Fiscal Federalism --; The Division of Responsibilities --; Principles of Fiscal Federalism --; Production Versus Finance --; 27. State and Local Taxes and Expenditures --; Tax Incidence Applied to Local Public Finance --; Capitalization --; Public Choice at the Local Level --; Problems of Multi-Jurisdictional Taxation --; 28. Deficit Finance --; The U.S. Deficit Problem Since the 1980s --; Consequences of Government Deficits --; Improving the Budgetary Process --; The Long-Term Problem: Entitlements and the Aged
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