TY  - BOOK
AU  - Pamuk,Şevket
ED  - Cambridge University Press.
TI  - A monetary history of the Ottoman Empire
T2  - Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization
SN  - 0521441978
AV  - HG1206.5 .P3613 2000
PY  - 2000///
CY  - New York
PB  - Cambridge University Press
KW  - Monetary policy
KW  - Turkey
KW  - History
KW  - Coinage
KW  - Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918
N1  - Includes bibliographical references (pages 243-269) and index; -- 1. Introduction; -- Trade, money, and states in the Mediterranean basin; -- Ottoman economic policies; -- Money, economy, and the Ottoman state; -- A periodization; -- 2. Trade and money at the origins; -- Gold and silver; East and West; -- Byzantine Empire and the Balkans; -- Anatolia; -- Early Ottoman coinage; -- Mints and their administration; -- Silver mines; -- Copper coinage; -- 3. Interventionism and debasements as policy; -- Centralization and interventionism; -- The silver famines; -- The debasements of Mehmed II; -- Motives and explanations; -- Towards a political economy of Ottoman debasements; -- 4. The emerging monetary system; -- The gold sultani: an "international" coin; -- Foreign coins; -- Gold-silver-copper; -- Bimetallism or silver monometallism?; -- Increasing use of money; -- 5. Credit and finance; -- Credit; -- Business partnerships; -- State finances and financing the state; -- 6. Money and empire; -- Monetary zones within the Empire; -- The Balkans; -- Egypt; -- The shahi zone; -- The Crimean akce; -- The Maghrib; -- Algeria; -- Tunis; -- Tripoli; -- 7. The Price Revolution in the Near East revisited; -- Competing explanations; -- New evidence and a review of the old; -- Why did prices rise in the Near East?; -- Long-term consequences of the Price Revolution; -- 8. Debasement and disintegration; -- The debasement of 1585-86: a turning point?; -- Fiscal crises and monetary instability; -- Disappearance of the akce; -- 9. In the absence of domestic currency; -- Debased coinage in Ottoman markets; -- Belated government intervention; -- The return of copper coinage; -- 10. The new Ottoman kurus; -- The Ottoman kurus; -- Economic expansion and fiscal stability; -- Fiscal troubles and depreciation of the kurus; -- 11. Linkages with the periphery; -- The para in Egypt; -- The riyal of Tunis; -- Algeria; -- Tripoli; -- Crimea; -- Convergence of currencies; -- 12. The Great Debasement; -- Attempts at financial centralization; -- Evolution of internal borrowing; -- The Great Debasement (1808-34); -- Financing the state: The Galata bankers; -- 13. From bimetallism to the "limping gold standard"; -- Integration to the world economy; -- Bimetallism, new coinage, and paper money; -- Banks for lending to the state; -- External borrowing; -- The limping gold standard; -- Commercial banking; -- The Financing of World War I; -- 14. Conclusions; -- App. I. Excerpts from Ottoman laws on taxation, money, mints, and mines; -- App. II. Price indices for Istanbul, 1469-1914; -- App. III. A note on basic economic and monetary magnitudes
ER  -