000			12070nam a2200313 i 4500
008			020902t20022002caua b 001 0 eng d
020			_a1588830004
035			_a(OCoLC)
040			_aCVU _cCVU _dUtOrBLW _dBAUN _beng _erda
041	0		_aeng
049			_aBAUN_MERKEZ
050	0	4	_aTA418.9.N35 _bM342 2002
245	0	0	_aMagnetic nanostructures / _cedited by Hari Singh Nalwa
264		1	_aStevenson Ranch, Calif. : _bAmerican Scientific, _c[2002]
264		4	_c©2002
300			_axviii, 463 pages : _billustrations ; _c29 cm
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _bn _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _bnc _2rdacarrier
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index
505	0	0	_tList of Contributors _tAbout the Editor _tMagnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures _tWolfram Heimbrodt _tPeter J. Klar _tIntroduction _tFundamental Properties of Bulk Magnetic and Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors _tMaterial Preparation and Crystal Structure _tBandgap and Optical Properties of Bulk Semiconductors _tMagnetic Properties of Bulk Semiconductors _tMagneto-Optical Properties of Bulk Semiconductors _tPreparation of Magnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures _tGrowth of Epitaxial Layers and Quantum Wells _tGrowth and Preparation of Quantum Wires _tGrowth and Preparation of Quantum Dots _tProperties of Magnetic and Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures and Ultrafine Particles _tOptical and Electronic Properties of Magnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures _tDiluted Magnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures in an External Magnetic Field _tSpontaneous Magnetization of Magnetic Semiconductor Nanostructures _tConcluding Remarks and Outlook _tReferences _tMagnetic Nanostructures for Future Magnetic Data Storage: Fabrication and Quantitative Characterization by Magnetic Force Microscopy _tAxel Carl _tEberhard F. Wassermann _tIntroduction _tMagnetic Data Storage: Method, Aims, Limits _tPatterned Media for Magnetic Data Storage _tPeriodic Magnetic Dot-Arrays and Their Fabrication _tFabrication of Periodic Dot-Arrays with Optical Interference Lithography _tPeriodic Magnetic Dot-Arrays with Various Periodicities _tMagnetic Properties of Periodic Dot-Arrays _tPerspectives for Magnetic Dot-Arrays as Future High-Density Storage Media _tMagnetic Force Microscopy Studies on Magnetic Dot-Arrays _tAn Introduction to Magnetic Force Microscopy _tExperimental MFM Investigations versus MFM-Image Calculations _tSemiquantitative MFM Analysis of the Magnetization Reversal Properties of Homogeneous Co/Pt Multilayer Films and Co/Pt Multilayer Dot-Arrays _tQuantitative Magnetic Force Microscopy _tQuantitative Analysis of the Magnetic Properties of Single Co/Pt Dots _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tStructure and Magnetic Properties of Chemically Ordered Magnetic Binary Alloys in Thin Film Form _tA. Cebollada _tR. F. C. Farrow _tM. F. Toney _tIntroduction _tChemical Order in Binary Alloys _tLong-Range Chemical Order in Alloys _tCharacterization of Chemical Order in Binary Alloys _tGrowth of Chemically Ordered Alloys _tProcedures to Achieve Long-Range Order in Thin Films _tIn situ and Postgrowth Characterization of Films by Electron Diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy _tParameters that Control the Degree of Chemical Order _tMagnetic Anisotropy in Ordered Binary Alloys _tMicroscopic Origin of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy _tFirst Approach: Anisotropy in Bulk Specimens and Chemical Order Dependence _tMagnetic Anisotropy in Binary Alloy Thin Films _tMagnetic Domain Structure of Systems with PMA _tApplications of High Magnetic Anisotropy Systems _tMagneto-Optical Activity in Chemically Ordered Binary Alloys _tMO Effects in Bulk Magnetic Alloys _tMO Activity in Binary Alloy Thin Films _tTheoretical Studies _tConclusions and Perspectives _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tMacroscopic Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured and Nanocomposite Systems _tMassimo Solzi _tMassimo Ghidini _tGiovanni Asti _tIntroduction _tThe Basic Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured Materials _tAppropriate Scales and Energy Terms _tThe Exchange Interaction _tMagnetic Anisotropy _tDipolar Interaction _tMagneto-Elastic Interactions _tMagnetization Structures and Processes in Nanoscaled Systems _tScale Length Parameters _tThe Micromagnetic Approach _tMagnetization Reversal: Coherent Rotation and Nonuniform Processes _tMagnetic Domains and Domain Walls _tThe Effect of Magnetic Interactions _tThe Magnetization Processes of Nanocomposite Systems _tBulk Hard/Soft Nanocomposites _tTheoretical Models of the Planar Composite Systems _tTime and Temperature Effects _tIntroduction _tSuperparamagnetism _tMagnetic Viscosity _tThe Problem of Dynamic Hysteresis _tMagnetic Susceptibility and Magnetic Phase Transitions _tThe Reversible Susceptibility Tensor _tThe Magnetic Phase Transitions in Nanostructured Materials _tMacroscopic Measuring Techniques, Both Standard and Special _tInduction Techniques _tForce Techniques _tMagneto-Optical Methods _tOther Techniques _tThe Singular Point Detection Technique _tThe Magnetic Behavior of Planar Hard/Soft Nanocomposites _tExchange-Spring Multilayers as Permanent Magnets _tThe Fe/Co Multilayer as a Model System _tOther Applications of Planar Nanocomposite Systems _tDynamic Hysteresis and Viscosity in Nanocomposite Multilayers _tNanostructured Magnetic Systems Obtained by Swift Heavy-Ion Irradiation _tIntroduction _tLatent Tracks in Rare Earth-Transition Metal Intermetallic Compounds _tMagnetic Nanocolumns _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tTheory of Brillouin Cross Section From Magnetic Nanostructured Multilayers _tRoberto Zivieri _tLoris Giovannini _tPaolo Vavassori _tIntroduction _tGrowth and Characterization _tMagnetic Superlattices and Multilayers _tNanometric Magnetic Structures _tGeneral Problem _tHamiltonian of the System _tMagnetic Coupling: Bilinear and Biquadratic Exchange Energies _tLight Interaction with Magnetic Systems: Dielectric Tensor _tStatic Magnetic Properties _tMagnetic Multilayers _tNanometric Magnetic Structures _tDynamic Magnetic Properties _tSpin Wave Equation of Motion _tSpin Waves in Multilayers and Patterned Structures _tThick Films _tThin Films _tPatterned Structures _tMagneto-Optic Properties _tBrillouin Scattering Cross Section in Magnetic Multilayers _tBrillouin Scattering Cross Section in Thin Films _tBrillouin Scattering Cross Section in Patterned Structures _tConclusions and Perspectives _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tDynamics of Nanostructured Magnets _tR. L. Stamps _tIntroduction and Overview _tThermal Dynamics and Relaxation _tMean-Field Theory _tSurface Effects on Magnetic Order _tRelaxation Times _tReversal by Thermal Fluctuations _tField-Driven Reversal _tTypes of Order _tModels of Spin Systems _tOrigins _tStoner and Hubbard Models _tInterlayer Exchange Coupling _tThe Heisenberg Model _tConnection to Landau Theory _tItinerant versus Local Models _tLinear Dynamics at Long Wavelengths _tSpin-Wave Excitations in Itinerant Models _tLong-Wavelength Spin Waves in the Heisenberg Model _tSemi-Classical Spin Wave Theory _tMagnetic Anisotropies _tMagnetostatic Energies _tDipole-Exchange Spin Waves and Thin Films _tMagnetostatic Spin Waves _tSpin-Wave Interactions: Thermal Behavior and Other Nonlinearities _tSpin Operators: Bound States and Bosonization _tThermal Properties _tDriven Nonlinear Response _tQuasi-Static Nonlinear Excitations: Domain Walls and Switching _tMagnetic Domain Boundary Walls _tNucleation Rate Theory _tPrecession-Limited Driven Reversal _tRelaxation and Scattering Mechanisms _tScattering within the Spin System _tMagnetoelastic Coupling and Phonon Scattering _tMagnon-Electron Interactions _tSummary and Outlook _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tOff-Axis Electron Holography of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials _tRafal E. Dunin-Borkowski _tMartha R. McCartney _tIntroduction _tBasis of Off-Axis Electron Holography _tImaging Theory _tReconstruction of Electron Holograms _tMagnetic and Mean Inner Potential Contributions to the Phase _tExperimental Considerations _tResults Obtained from Optical Reconstruction _tCo Fine Particle _tRecorded Magnetic Tape _tVerification of the Aharonov--Bohm Effect _tResults Obtained from Digital Reconstruction _tLithographically Patterned Magnetic Nanostructures _tChains of Magnetic Nanocrystals _tMagnetic Force Microscopy Tips _tCross-Sectional Samples: Removal of Sample Thickness Effects _tExchange-Biased Elements _tDiscussion and Conclusions _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tMicrostructures and Properties of Nanocrystalline and Nanogranular Magnetic Materials _tK. Hono _tM.
505	0	0	_tOhnuma _tIntroduction _tFabrication Methods _tNanocrystalline and Nanocomposite Microstructures _tMetal--Nonmetal Nanogranular Microstructure _tProperties of Nanocrystalline and Nanogranular Materials _tSoft Magnetic Properties _tHard Magnetic Properties _tMagnetic Properties Obtained from Granular Microstructure _tNanogranular Microstructure Characterization _tDiffraction and Scattering Techniques _tThe Atom Probe Technique _tMicrostructure--Property Relationship _tSoft Magnetic Nanocrystalline Alloys _tMicrostructural Evolution in Nanocomposite Magnets _tMetal--Nonmetal Nanogranular Films _tSummary _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tHybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanostructured Magnets _tMihai A. Girtu _tIntroduction _tMotivation _tGoals _tOutline _tMagnetic Ordering: Review of Basic Concepts _tIndependent Magnetic Moments _tMagnetic Interactions _tCooperative Behavior and Magnetic Phase Transitions _tFactors that Influence Magnetic Ordering _tMagnetic Ordering in Pure and Disordered Systems with and without Frustration _tPure Systems without Frustration _tDisordered Systems without Frustration _tDisordered Systems with Frustration: Spin Glasses _tPure Systems with Frustration _tRandom Field Systems _tRandom Anisotropy Systems _tAnalysis Procedures for Magnetic Experimental Data _tAnalysis Procedures for dc Magnetic Data _tAnalysis Procedures for ac Magnetic Data _tMolecule-Based Magnets: Novel Materials and Properties _tHybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnets _tOrganic Magnets _tHybrid Organic--Inorganic Single-Molecule Magnets _tMolecule-Based Magnets: Novel Phenomena and Opportunities _tMagnetic Bistability in Hybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnets _tMultiple Compensation Point Hybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnets _tPhotoinduced Magnetic Effects in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Magnets _tHigh-Coercivity Hybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnets _tHybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnetic Conductors _tThin Films of Hybrid Organic--Inorganic Magnets _tOutlook _tMagnets by Design? A Few Answers and Many Open Questions _tTrends and Potential Applications _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tPreparation, Structure, and Properties of Magnetic Nanocomposite Films _tH. Wang _tS. P. Wong _tHistorical Introduction _tPreparation of Magnetic Nanocomposite Films _tConventional Methods _tPulsed Filtered Vacuum Arc Deposition _tStructural and Magnetic Properties of Co-C Nanocomposite Films _tMicrostructure Evolution _tMagnetic Properties _tOrdered L10 Phase CoPt- and FePt-Based Nanocomposite Films _tOverview of High-Ku Materials _tPhase Transformation of CoPt and FePt Nanocomposite Films _tMagnetic Properties of CoPt and FePt Nanocomposite Films _tRead-Write Properties of CoPt and FePt Nanocomposite Films _tSummary _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tMicromagnetics of Nanoparticles and Nanoshaped Magnetic Elements _tScott L. Whittenburg _tIntroduction _tSoftware _tObject Oriented Micromagnetics Framework _tJava MicroMagnetics _tMagFEM3D _tLLG Micromagnetics Simulator _tGeneral Results _tCubes _tSpheres _tElliptical Plates _tTruncated Pyramids and Cylinders _tTriangles _tSquares _tRings _tResults for Specific Materials _tPermalloy _tIron _tCobalt _tNickel _tConclusion _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tMagnetic and Magnetotransport Properties of Nanostructured Wires and Dots _tTeruya Shinjo _tIntroduction _tSample Preparation Techniques _tGiant Magnetoresistance (GMR) Studies and Geometry _tCurrent at an Angle to the Plane (CAP)-GMR Studies with V-Groove Samples _tNanowire Systems _tResistivity of a Domain Wall _tDot Systems _tRemarks _tAcknowledgments _tReferences _tIndex
650		0	_aNanostructures
700	1		_aNalwa, Hari Singh, _d1954-
710	2		_9111037 _aAmerican Scientific Publishers
900			_a24607
900			_bsatın
942			_2lcc _cKT
999			_c19253 _d19253